Hypertension Management

What is hypertension?

If the average is 140/90 mmHg or higher after measuring at least 2 times
As the heart rate increases with age and the blood vessel wall gradually narrows, blood pressure rises.
Risk group for hypertension : Average 120/80 mmHg ~ 139/89 mmHg

Risk factors for high blood pressure
- Age, especially over 60 years old
- Family history: If a parent has high blood pressure, their children may also have high blood pressure
- Obesity/Overweight: Obese people are more than 3 times higher than normal people
- Excessive drinking/smoking
- Diabetes/hyperlipidemia
- Stress: Excessive stress is harmful not only to high blood pressure but also to other heart diseases
Symptoms of hypertension
- Hypertension is also called the "silent killer" because the pressure in the blood vessels rises gradually, so there are usually no obvious symptoms, sometimes a headache or a heavy back of the head, and suddenly life-threatening without symptoms
- If left untreated, high blood pressure cannot be tolerated, and blood vessels burst or blockage, causing complications such as the target organs such as heart, brain, kidney, and eyes.
Complications of hypertension
- Cerebrovascular disorders: cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, transient ischemic attack
- Renal disease: renal failure
- Cardiac disease: myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, congestive heart failure
- Vascular disease: dissecting aneurysm, symptomatic arterial disease
- Retinopathy: hemorrhage, exudate, papilledema
Prevention and Management of Hypertension
- Low-sodium diet: Since sodium plays a decisive role in raising blood pressure, intake of salt, soy sauce, doenjang(fermented soybean paste), and similar foods should be limited.
  A low-sodium diet helps prevent osteoporosis and kidney stones by reducing urinary calcium excretion.
- No smoking: Smoking stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, causes arrhythmia, and worsens arteriosclerosis and myocardial infarction.
- Weight loss
- Moderation in alcohol consumption
- Dietary habits: Increase intake of fruits, vegetables, and fish, and reduce fat consumption.
- Caffeine and stress raise blood pressure.
Tips to reduce salt intake
- Consume less soup such as soup or stew
- Be careful of processed foods and pickled foods (pickles, pickles, fish flakes, etc.)
- Don't use extra salt or soy sauce at the table.
- It is more effective to add the same amount of salt just before eating
- It is easier to eat even if it is a little bland in the form of grilled rather than stewed.
- Use seasonings such as red pepper powder, pepper, mustard, vinegar, green onion, and garlic.
- Ion drinks, using water rather than sports drinks

Weight of seasonings containing 1g of salt
Weight of seasonings containing 1g of salt
Salt 1g (1/2 teaspoon)	Soy sauce 5g (1 teaspoon)	Doenjang, Gochujang 10g (1 tablespoon)
Worcestershire sauce 10g (2 teaspoons)	Ketchup, butter 30g (2 tablespoons)	Mayonnaise 40g (2 tablespoons)